“Sarcomas” are cancerous tumors of the connective tissues. That term has come from a Greek word meaning fleshy growth. Sarcoma arises in the connective tissue of the body. Normal connective tissue include, fat, blood vessels, nerves, bones, muscles, deep skin tissues, and cartilage. Sarcomas are divided into two main groups, bone sarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas. They are further sub-classified based on the type of presumed cell of origin found in the tumor. They all share certain microscopic characteristics and have similar symptoms. Sarcomas can develop in children and adults. For children under 20 approximately 15 percent of cancer diagnosis are sarcomas.
Types of sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcomas
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Fibroblastic sarcoma
- Liposarcoma
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)
- Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS)
- Angiosarcoma
- Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)
- Synovial sarcoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
Bone sarcomas
- Chondrosarcoma
- Osteosarcoma
- Ewing’s sarcoma
- Chordoma
They can affect almost any part of the body, on the inside or the outside. Sarcomas commonly affect the arms, legs and trunk. They also appear in the stomach and intestines as well as behind the abdomen (retroperitoneal sarcomas) and the female reproductive system (gynae sarcomas).
Some types of sarcoma are more common in children and young people, such as Rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewings sarcoma and Osteosarcoma. Other types, such as Myxofibrosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma are more common in older people.
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